Functions and graphs: Pitfalls in applying transformations to quadratic functions

Introduction

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Unravelling the Quadratic Enigma: A Journey into Functions and Graphs

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A graphic representation of a quadratic function Secondary 4 students, imagine this is your mathematical adventure map!

Alright, gather 'round, secondary 1 kids and secondary 4 students! Today, we're going on an exciting journey into the world of quadratic functions and graphs. Buckle up, because we're going to make math fun, just like how MOE wants it to be!

Our Mathematical Adventure Begins: Quadratic Functions

Imagine you're in a magical garden, and every plant grows at a rate that can be described by a quadratic function. Sounds like a fantasy, right? But it's actually a real thing in the world of math! A quadratic function, in simple terms, is a function that can be written in the form f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c, where 'a', 'b', and 'c' are constants, and 'x' is the variable.

A diagram showing the vertex form of a quadratic function And here's a fun fact: The vertex form of a quadratic function is f(x) = a(x - h)^2 + k, where (h, k) is the vertex of the parabola. Isn't that neat? In the city-state of Singapore's pressure-filled educational setting, the Primary 6 year stands as the capstone year in primary schooling, in which pupils consolidate accumulated knowledge to prepare for the vital PSLE exam, facing intensified concepts including advanced fractions, geometric demonstrations, problems involving speed and rates, and thorough review techniques. Guardians frequently notice that the increase in complexity can lead to stress or knowledge deficiencies, particularly with math, motivating the demand for professional help to refine competencies and assessment methods. During this key period, in which all scores are crucial for secondary placement, additional courses prove essential in specific support and confidence-building. h2 math online tuition provides rigorous , centered on PSLE lessons matching up-to-date MOE guidelines, including simulated examinations, error correction workshops, and flexible instructional approaches to handle personal requirements. Experienced educators stress efficient timing and complex cognitive skills, helping students conquer even the toughest questions confidently. Overall, this specialized support not only boosts achievements for the forthcoming PSLE but also instills focus and a passion for math which continues into secondary education and beyond..

Plotting Our Course: Graphs of Quadratic Functions

Now, let's turn our attention to the graphs of these quadratic functions. You know how in Secondary 4 math, you're learning to graph these functions? In Singapore's competitive secondary-level learning system, learners readying themselves for the O-Level examinations often face intensified difficulties regarding maths, featuring higher-level concepts including trigonometry, introductory calculus, and plane geometry, that demand robust understanding of ideas and real-world implementation. Families regularly search for dedicated assistance to make sure their adolescents can cope with the syllabus demands and build exam confidence with specific drills and strategies. math tuition delivers crucial bolstering using MOE-compliant syllabi, seasoned tutors, plus materials like previous exam papers and practice assessments to address unique challenges. These initiatives highlight problem-solving techniques and time management, assisting students achieve better grades for O-Level results. In the end, putting resources in this support also readies learners ahead of national tests but also lays a solid foundation in higher learning within STEM disciplines.. Well, here's an interesting fact: The graph of a quadratic function is a parabola. And guess what? Parabolas have been used since ancient times, even by the likes of Archimedes!

But here's where it gets tricky. When we transform these functions, like shifting them left or right, up or down, or even flipping them, their graphs change in unexpected ways. It's like they're magical creatures that can change their shapes at will!

Pitfalls in Applying Transformations: A Cautionary Tale

Now, here's where things can get a little tricky. When you apply transformations to quadratic functions, you might end up with some unexpected results. For instance, if you shift a parabola upwards, you might think that its vertex will also shift upwards. But guess what? The vertex actually shifts downwards! In the Lion City's demanding secondary education landscape, the shift from primary school introduces students to increasingly intricate math ideas like fundamental algebra, integers, and geometric principles, which often prove challenging without adequate preparation. Numerous families emphasize additional education to fill potential voids while cultivating a passion toward mathematics right from the beginning. 1 to 1 maths tuition delivers targeted , Ministry of Education-compliant lessons using qualified educators that highlight analytical techniques, customized guidance, plus interactive exercises to build basic abilities. The initiatives frequently feature compact classes for better interaction plus ongoing evaluations for measuring improvement. In the end, committing in this early support not only improves educational outcomes while also arms adolescent students with upper secondary demands plus sustained achievement within STEM disciplines.. Isn't that a canny little trick?

Here's another fun fact: Did you know that the further you shift a parabola, the more its vertex shifts in the opposite direction? It's like they're playing a game of tug-of-war, and the vertex is trying to pull itself back to the centre!

Navigating the Quadratic Maze: Tips for Secondary 4 Students

  • Remember, when you shift a parabola horizontally, its vertex moves in the opposite direction.
  • When you shift a parabola vertically, its vertex moves in the same direction.
  • Practice makes perfect! The more you graph and transform quadratic functions, the better you'll get at it.

And here's a little Singlish for you: Don't say bo bian, can also make big mistake hor! So, always double-check your work and make sure you understand why you're doing what you're doing.

So, secondary 1 kids and secondary 4 students, are you ready to take on the challenge of quadratic functions and graphs? The MOE believes in you, and so do we! Now, go forth and conquer the mathematical world!

Understanding Quadratic Functions

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Navigating the Waves: Transformations and Quadratic Functions

** In Singaporean organized secondary-level learning system, Secondary 2 learners start addressing more intricate math concepts like quadratics, congruent figures, and handling stats, that expand upon Secondary 1 basics and equip for upper secondary demands. Guardians often seek supplementary resources to assist their teens adjust to this increased complexity and keep regular improvement amidst educational demands. Singapore maths tuition guide provides personalized , Ministry of Education-aligned sessions using qualified tutors that employ engaging resources, everyday scenarios, and concentrated practices to enhance comprehension and exam techniques. These classes promote autonomous analytical skills and handle particular hurdles including manipulating algebra. Finally, such targeted support improves overall performance, reduces stress, and creates a firm course for O-Level success and future academic pursuits.. **

Ah, the joys of secondary school math! From the bustling corridors of Raffles Institution to the serene classrooms of Methodist Girls' School, we've all been there - grappling with those pesky quadratic functions. But fret not, parents and students! Today, we're going to dive into the world of quadratic functions and their transformations, armed with nothing but curiosity and our trusty Secondary 4 Math Syllabus Singapore.

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First things first, let's get our bearings. What are these quadratic functions, you ask? They're like the waves of the Singapore River, constantly changing their shape and height. In Singapore's post-primary schooling scene, the move from primary to secondary school exposes pupils to increasingly conceptual maths principles such as algebra, spatial geometry, and data handling, that may seem intimidating lacking suitable direction. A lot of guardians recognize this key adjustment stage demands additional strengthening to enable teens adapt to the heightened demands and maintain excellent educational outcomes within a merit-based framework. Expanding upon the basics established in PSLE readiness, specialized programs become crucial for addressing unique hurdles and encouraging self-reliant reasoning. JC 2 math tuition provides customized lessons that align with the MOE syllabus, including dynamic aids, worked examples, and practice challenges to make learning captivating and impactful. Qualified educators emphasize filling educational discrepancies originating in primary years and incorporating secondary-specific strategies. In the end, such initial assistance not only improves marks and exam readiness but also develops a greater interest toward maths, equipping students for achievement in O-Levels plus more.. In mathematical terms, they're functions of the form f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, where a, b, and c are constants, and a ≠ 0.

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Fun Fact Alert! Did you know that quadratic functions have been around since ancient times? The Babylonians and Chinese were solving quadratic equations as early as 2000 BCE. Now, that's what we call a classic!

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Now, let's talk transformations. Imagine you're at Clarke Quay, watching the river flow. Sometimes, the water level rises (translation), sometimes it speeds up or slows down (vertical stretch/compression), and sometimes it flows in the opposite direction (reflection). The same goes for quadratic functions!

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  • Translation: Adding or subtracting a constant to the function shifts the graph up or down.
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  • Vertical Stretch/Compression: Multiplying the function by a constant (except 1) stretches or compresses the graph vertically.
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  • Reflection: Replacing x with -x in the function reflects the graph across the y-axis.
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But wait, there's a catch! Not all transformations behave the same way. For instance, reflections don't play nicely with translations. Reflecting a function and then translating it is not the same as translating and then reflecting. Isn't that just like trying to hail a cab during the Formula One season in Singapore?

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Now, let's address the elephant in the room - the dreaded x-intercepts. These are the points where the graph of the quadratic function crosses the x-axis, or in Singaporean terms, where the river meets the land. Finding these points involves solving the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0.

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Interesting Fact: The method we use to solve quadratic equations, factoring, was developed by the ancient Greeks. Now, that's some serious old-school math!

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Finally, let's not forget about the vertex of the quadratic function. This is the highest or lowest point on the graph, much like the tallest building in our little red dot - the Marina Bay Sands. The y-coordinate of the vertex is given by the formula c/a, and the x-coordinate can be found using the formula -(b/2a).

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And there you have it, folks! We've navigated the waves of quadratic functions and their transformations. So, the next time you're struggling with your math homework, remember - you're not just solving equations, you're riding the waves of mathematics!

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Vertical Transformations

Shift Upward

Vertical transformations in quadratic functions involve shifting the graph up or down. In the case of 'shift upward', the graph moves up by a certain number of units. This change is reflected in the y-intercept of the function, which increases by the same amount as the shift. For instance, if you have a function like y = x² + 3 and you want to shift it upward by 2 units, your new function would be y = x² + 5. This is a key concept in the secondary 4 math syllabus in Singapore, as it helps students understand the relationship between the equation of a parabola and its graph.

Shift Downward

Contrary to shifting upward, 'shift downward' moves the graph of a quadratic function down by a certain number of units. This is achieved by subtracting the shift value from the original y-intercept. For example, if you have the function y = x² - 2 and you want to shift it downward by 4 units, your new function would be y = x² - 6. This transformation is also crucial for students to grasp, as it allows them to analyze how changes in the equation affect the graph, a core part of the secondary 4 math syllabus.

Transformations & Symmetry

Vertical transformations not only affect the position of the graph but also its symmetry. In Singapore's dynamic and educationally demanding landscape, guardians recognize that laying a strong academic foundation from the earliest stages will create a profound effect in a child's upcoming accomplishments. The path to the Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) starts much earlier than the exam year, because foundational behaviors and abilities in disciplines such as maths set the tone for advanced learning and critical thinking capabilities. Through beginning planning in the initial primary years, learners are able to dodge common pitfalls, build confidence step by step, and develop a positive attitude regarding tough topics that will intensify down the line. math tuition centers in Singapore plays a pivotal role as part of this proactive plan, offering age-appropriate, interactive sessions that present basic concepts such as elementary counting, geometric figures, and basic sequences in sync with the Singapore MOE program. The initiatives employ fun, interactive approaches to ignite curiosity and prevent educational voids from developing, promoting a seamless advancement into later years. Finally, putting resources in this initial tutoring doesn't just reduces the burden of PSLE and additionally arms kids for life-long reasoning abilities, giving them a head start in Singapore's achievement-oriented society.. The vertex of a parabola is the highest or lowest point on its graph, and it's also the point of symmetry. When you shift a quadratic function vertically, the vertex moves up or down, but it doesn't change its x-coordinate. As Singapore's schooling structure puts a heavy emphasis on mathematical competence early on, families have been progressively favoring structured assistance to help their kids handle the growing intricacy in the syllabus in the early primary years. In Primary 2, learners meet more advanced topics like regrouped addition, basic fractions, and measuring, which expand on foundational skills and prepare the base for higher-level analytical thinking needed in later exams. Understanding the benefit of ongoing strengthening to prevent initial difficulties and cultivate passion in the discipline, a lot of choose tailored initiatives that align with Singapore MOE directives. math tuition singapore offers specific , engaging classes developed to make such ideas accessible and pleasurable through interactive tasks, visual aids, and individualized input by qualified educators. This strategy not only aids kids overcome immediate classroom challenges and additionally develops analytical reasoning and endurance. Over time, this proactive support supports smoother educational advancement, reducing stress while pupils prepare for milestones like the PSLE and setting a favorable course for ongoing education.. This means that the axis of symmetry remains the same. For instance, if you have a function like y = (x - 2)² + 1 and you shift it upward by 3 units, the new function would be y = (x - 2)² + 4. The vertex remains at (2, 4), and the axis of symmetry is still x = 2.

Graph Changes

Vertical transformations can significantly alter the appearance of a quadratic graph. Shifting a parabola up or down can change its orientation (whether it opens upwards or downwards) and its range (the set of possible y-values). For example, the function y = x² has a range of all real numbers, but if you shift it upward by 4 units, the new function y = x² + 4 has a range of [4, ∞). This transformation makes the graph open upwards and limits the possible y-values. Understanding these changes is essential for students studying the secondary 4 math syllabus in Singapore.

Practical Applications

Vertical transformations have practical applications in various fields, including physics and engineering. For instance, in physics, they can be used to model the motion of an object under constant acceleration. The position of the object at time t is given by s(t) = (1/2)gt² + v₀t + s₀, where g is the acceleration due to gravity, v₀ is the initial velocity, and s₀ is the initial position. Shifting this function up or down can represent different initial positions of the object. In engineering, vertical transformations can be used to analyze the behavior of systems under different input conditions. For example, shifting a graph up or down can represent different initial states of a system.

Horizontal Transformations

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Transforming Quadratics: A Graphical Journey

Imagine you're a secret agent, and your mission is to transform a quadratic function's graph without anyone noticing. Sounds like a spy movie, right? But don't worry, we're not going to blow up any graphs here. Instead, we'll explore how horizontal transformations work on quadratic functions, all while keeping it fun and engaging. So, grab your math caps and let's dive in!

Meet the Quadratic Function: A Brief Introduction

Before we start transforming, let's quickly recap what a quadratic function is. In simple terms, it's a function that has a variable squared in it. The most common form is y = ax^2 + bx + c.Ever heard of the story of the three little pigs? Well, if you graph y = x^2, you'll get a shape that looks like a porky pig's belly. Fun fact: This is why quadratic functions are often called 'parabolas' - they were first studied by Ancient Greeks who thought they resembled the curve of a parabolic mirror.

Horizontal Transformations: Shifting Left and Right

Now, let's talk about horizontal transformations. These are like secret agent moves that shift the graph of a function left or right without changing its shape.

  • Shifting Left (Horizon: Eastbound): Adding a positive number to the x-coordinate inside the function shifts the graph to the left. It's like telling your graph, "Hey, move over to the left!" For example, y = (x + 3)^2 shifts the original graph 3 units to the left.
  • Shifting Right (Horizon: Westbound): Adding a negative number to the x-coordinate inside the function shifts the graph to the right. It's like saying, "Hey, move over to the right!" For instance, y = (x - 2)^2 shifts the original graph 2 units to the right.
  • In Singaporean challenging educational system, the Primary 3 level marks a notable transition in which learners delve deeper into topics like multiplication tables, fraction concepts, and fundamental statistics, expanding upon prior knowledge in preparation for more advanced critical thinking. Many parents realize the speed of in-class teaching on its own might not be enough for every child, motivating their search for supplementary help to cultivate math enthusiasm and avoid initial misunderstandings from developing. At this juncture, customized academic help is crucial for maintaining educational drive and fostering a development-oriented outlook. best maths tuition centre delivers focused, MOE-compliant instruction via compact class groups or one-on-one mentoring, focusing on creative strategies and graphic supports to clarify complex ideas. Tutors commonly incorporate gamified elements and frequent tests to monitor advancement and boost motivation. In the end, such forward-thinking action doesn't just enhances current results while also lays a sturdy groundwork for excelling in higher primary levels and the final PSLE exam..

Think of it like moving passengers on a bus. If you tell everyone to move 3 seats to the left, that's like shifting the graph left. If you tell them to move 2 seats to the right, that's like shifting the graph right.

Horizontal Transformations in the Secondary 4 Math Syllabus, Singapore

You might be wondering, "Where do I find all this in the secondary 4 math syllabus, Singapore?" Well, look no further! Horizontal transformations are part of the 'Functions and Graphs' topic under the 'Transformations' subtopic. So, you're in the right place!

What If... We Could Transform Functions in Real Life?

What if you could transform real-life situations like you transform functions? Imagine telling your alarm clock, "Hey, move over to the left by 3 hours" - that's like shifting the graph of your sleep schedule left! Or telling your school bus, "Move over to the right by 2 stops" - that's like shifting the graph of your journey to school right. Now, aren't you glad we're just transforming graphs and not real-life situations?

So, there you have it - a fun and engaging journey through horizontal transformations. Now that you're a pro at shifting graphs left and right, you're ready to tackle any quadratic function that comes your way. Kan cheong (Hainanese for 'nervous' or 'anxious'), but remember, practice makes perfect! Now go forth and conquer those math problems!

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In Singapore, the educational framework wraps up primary-level education via a country-wide assessment that assesses students' educational accomplishments and determines placement in secondary schools. Such assessment gets conducted on a yearly basis to candidates during their last year in primary school, focusing on essential topics for assessing comprehensive skills. The Junior College math tuition serves as a reference point for assignment into appropriate high school streams depending on scores. The exam covers areas such as English, Math, Science, and Mother Tongue Languages, having layouts updated periodically to match schooling criteria. Scoring is based on Achievement Levels ranging 1-8, where the total PSLE Score is the sum of individual subject scores, affecting long-term educational prospects..

Composite Transformations

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Composite Transformations: Navigating Quadratic Functions in Singapore's Secondary 4 Math Syllabus Composite Transformations: A Journey Through Quadratic Functions in Singapore's Secondary 4 Math Syllabus

What are Composite Transformations?

In the bustling world of mathematics, composite transformations are like the traffic cops of the graph universe, directing and altering the paths of functions with vertical and horizontal shifts. Let's dive in, shall we?

Quadratic Functions: The Unsung Heroes of Mathematics

Before we tackle transformations, we must tip our hats to the quadratic functions, the workhorses of the math world. Familiar to every Singapore student, these functions are as ubiquitous as the kopi at your local kopitiam.

Fun fact: Did you know that the humble quadratic function has been around since ancient times? It's as old as the Hokkien Mee recipe your grandma swears by!

Transformations: The Magic Wands of Mathematics

Now, imagine you have a magic wand – a transformation – that can shift, stretch, or squeeze your quadratic function's graph. That's essentially what we're exploring here!

  • Vertical transformations (shifts up or down)
  • Horizontal transformations (shifts left or right)

Composite Transformations: The Power of Combination

What happens when you combine these transformations? That's where the real magic begins! By combining vertical and horizontal shifts, you create composite transformations, altering your quadratic function's graph in fascinating ways.

What if, instead of just shifting, you could stretch or squeeze your graph? That's where the stretch and reflect transformations come into play, like the roti canai that stretches and puffs up when cooked!

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Navigating the Challenges: Pitfalls in Applying Transformations

As with any journey, there are challenges along the way. Misapplying transformations can lead to graph mishaps, much like ordering a char kway teow when you wanted laksa!

But fear not, Singapore students! With practice and understanding, you'll master these transformations and rule the graph universe!

The Future of Composite Transformations: Where to Next?

So, what's next for composite transformations? Well, that's up to you, the curious learners of Singapore! Keep exploring, keep questioning, and who knows? You might just redefine the math landscape!

Remember, every roti canai starts with a simple dough. With time and practice, you'll create mathematical masterpieces that'll make your teachers proud!

" width="100%" height="480">Functions and graphs: Pitfalls in applying transformations to quadratic functions

Inconsistent Application of Transformation Rules

Students often apply transformations inconsistently, applying one rule for x-values and another for y-values. Remember: transformations apply to the entire function, not just parts of it.

Neglecting to Consider Domain and Range

Transformations can alter a function's domain and range. Overlooking this can lead to incorrect outputs, especially when dealing with restrictions like x-values in square roots or absolute values.

Misinterpreting Vertex Transformations

Common mistake is assuming only the x-coordinate shifts while y-coordinate remains constant. In reality, both x and y coordinates shift, affecting the vertex's position.

Practical Examples and Pitfalls

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Transformations: A Quadratic Function Adventure

Imagine you're in a magical garden, and quadratic functions are the paths that lead you to its enchanting attractions. Now, what if these paths could suddenly shift, stretch, or flip? That's what transformations do!

Shifting: The Secret Path

You find a hidden map in your pocket, revealing a secret path that shifts the original path to the left by 3 units. In math terms, this is a horizontal shift, or a translation. The function f(x) becomes f(x-3). But be careful, shifting too much might lead you off the map!

Horizontal shift example See how the graph shifts to the right? As year five in primary brings about a elevated degree of difficulty within Singapore's mathematics program, with concepts for instance ratios, percentages, angular measurements, and advanced word problems demanding sharper analytical skills, parents commonly seek approaches to ensure their children remain in front minus succumbing to typical pitfalls of misunderstanding. This period is vital as it immediately connects to PSLE preparation, in which cumulative knowledge undergoes strict evaluation, making early intervention crucial to develop stamina in tackling multi-step questions. While tension mounting, expert assistance aids in turning likely irritations into opportunities for growth and expertise. h2 math tuition equips learners using effective instruments and personalized guidance aligned to Singapore MOE guidelines, employing strategies like model drawing, bar graphs, and timed drills to clarify complicated concepts. Experienced educators emphasize understanding of ideas over rote learning, encouraging dynamic dialogues and fault examination to instill self-assurance. At year's close, participants typically show marked improvement for assessment preparedness, facilitating the route for an easy move onto Primary 6 plus more amid Singapore's rigorous schooling environment.. That's a horizontal shift!

Stretching: The Growing Vines

As you venture deeper, the vines start to stretch, making the path steeper. This is a vertical stretch, or a scaling transformation. The function f(x) becomes af(x), where a is a constant. But remember, too much stretch can make the path impassable!

Vertical stretch example Notice how the graph stretches upwards? That's a vertical stretch!

Flipping: The Mirror Maze

Suddenly, you stumble upon a mirror maze! The path flips, reflecting the original path across the x-axis. This is a reflection transformation. The function f(x) becomes f(-x). But watch out, too many flips might make you lose your way!

Reflection example See how the graph flips across the x-axis? That's a reflection!

Combining Transformations: The Garden's Masterpiece

Now, what if the garden combines these transformations? The path might shift left, stretch upwards, and flip across the x-axis. This is a combination transformation. The function f(x) becomes af(x-3) or even af(-x-3)!

Fun Fact: Did you know that these transformations can also help us solve real-world problems? For example, they can help us model the height of a ball thrown into the air, or the path of a projectile!

So, the next time you're solving quadratic functions in your Secondary 4 Math Syllabus, remember the magical garden. And always, always, double-check your transformations. You don't want to end up lost in the garden's endless paths!

Can you imagine what other transformations the garden might have in store?

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Frequently Asked Questions

The vertex of the quadratic function shifts 2 units to the left.
Stretching the function vertically by a factor of a results in a graph that is a times as high as the original function, maintaining the same left-to-right orientation.
A horizontal compression by a factor of a results in a graph that is a times as wide as the original function, with the vertex position changing accordingly.
Reflecting the function across the y-axis changes the direction of the parabola, making it open downwards if it was originally upwards, and vice versa.
The entire graph of the quadratic function shifts up by 3 units, with no change in the shape or orientation.